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Java Data Types
Primitive Data Types
Java has eight primitive data types: byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, and boolean. These types serve as the building blocks of data manipulation in Java.
byte
The byte data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -128 and a maximum value of 127. It is used to save memory in large arrays.
public class ByteExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
byte b = 100;
System.out.println("Byte Value: " + b);
}
}
Console Output:
Byte Value: 100
short
short
The short data type is a 16-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -32,768 and a maximum value of 32,767. It can also be used to save memory as a byte data type.
public class ShortExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
short s = 10000;
System.out.println("Short Value: " + s);
}
}
Console Output:
Short Value: 10000
int
int
The int data type is a 32-bit signed two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -2^31 and a maximum value of 2^31-1. Generally used as the default data type for integral values unless there is a concern about memory.
public class IntExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int i = 100000;
System.out.println("Int Value: " + i);
}
}
Console Output:
Int Value: 100000
long
long
The long data type is a 64-bit two's complement integer. It has a minimum value of -2^63 and a maximum value of 2^63-1. Used when a wider range than int is needed.
public class LongExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
long l = 100000L;
System.out.println("Long Value: " + l);
}
}
Console Output:
Long Value: 100000
float
float
The float data type is a single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754 floating point. Primarily used to save memory in large arrays of floating point numbers.
public class FloatExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
float f = 234.5f;
System.out.println("Float Value: " + f);
}
}
Console Output:
Float Value: 234.5
double
double
The double data type is a double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point. Generally used as the default data type for decimal values.
public class DoubleExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
double d = 123.4;
System.out.println("Double Value: " + d);
}
}
Console Output:
Double Value: 123.4
char
char
The char data type is a single 16-bit Unicode character. It has a minimum value of '\u0000' (or 0) and a maximum value of '\uffff' (or 65,535 inclusive).
public class CharExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
char c = 'A';
System.out.println("Char Value: " + c);
}
}
Console Output:
Char Value: A
boolean
boolean
The boolean data type has only two possible values: true and false. This data type is used for simple flags that track true/false conditions.
public class BooleanExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
boolean isJavaFun = true;
System.out.println("Boolean Value: " + isJavaFun);
}
}
Console Output:
Boolean Value: true
String (Non-primitive)
String
Although not a primitive data type, the String class is widely used in Java. Strings are objects that represent sequences of characters and are used to store text.
public class StringExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String greeting = "Hello, World!";
System.out.println("String Value: " + greeting);
}
}
Console Output:
String Value: Hello, World!
Array (Non-primitive)
Array
Arrays are objects in Java that store multiple values of the same type. They are useful for organizing data and performing operations on collections of data.
public class ArrayExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
System.out.println("Array Value: " + numbers[0]);
}
}
Console Output:
Array Value: 1
