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PHP Numbers
Introduction to PHP Numbers
Understanding PHP Number Types:
PHP supports several data types for numbers, including integers, floats, and more. This section explores these types with examples.
<?php
$integer = 42;
$float = 3.14;
echo "Integer: $integer, Float: $float";
?>
Console Output:
Integer: 42, Float: 3.14
Integer Operations
Performing Basic Arithmetic:
PHP allows basic arithmetic operations on integers, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
<?php
$a = 10;
$b = 5;
$sum = $a + $b;
$product = $a * $b;
echo "Sum: $sum, Product: $product";
?>
Console Output:
Sum: 15, Product: 50
Floating Point Precision
Handling Floating Point Numbers:
PHP handles floating-point numbers with double precision, allowing for operations with decimal points.
<?php
$x = 1.234;
$y = 2.345;
$sum = $x + $y;
echo "Sum of floats: $sum";
?>
Console Output:
Sum of floats: 3.579
Number Functions
Using Built-in Functions:
PHP provides several built-in functions to work with numbers, such as abs(), round(), and sqrt().
<?php
$number = -9.5;
echo "Absolute value: " . abs($number);
echo "Rounded value: " . round($number);
echo "Square root of 16: " . sqrt(16);
?>
Console Output:
Absolute value: 9.5, Rounded value: -10, Square root of 16: 4
Number Comparison
Comparing Numbers:
PHP allows for the comparison of numbers using operators like ==, !=, >, <, >=, and <=.
<?php
$a = 5;
$b = 10;
if ($a < $b) {
echo "$a is less than $b";
}
?>
Console Output:
5 is less than 10
Type Casting in PHP
Casting Between Types:
PHP supports type casting between different number types, such as casting a float to an integer.
<?php
$float = 9.99;
$integer = (int)$float;
echo "Casted Integer: $integer";
?>
Console Output:
Casted Integer: 9
Scientific Notation
Using Scientific Notation:
PHP can handle scientific notation for numbers, which is useful for representing very large or very small values.
<?php
$largeNumber = 5E3;
echo "Large Number: $largeNumber";
?>
Console Output:
Large Number: 5000
Working with Infinity
Handling Infinite Values:
PHP can represent infinite values using the INF constant, which is useful in mathematical computations.
<?php
$infinity = INF;
echo "Infinity: $infinity";
?>
Console Output:
Infinity: INF
